As of 2003, it has been unlawful to discriminate against a person on the basis of their individual religion or belief. The Regulations do not specifically define what is meant by 'religion or belief', but ACAS guidelines suggest that the Regulations cover any religious or similar philosophical belief, but do not extend to political beliefs.
When trying to ascertain if someone does have a religion or belief that will entitle them to making a claim of religious discrimination, tribunals would consider whether their religion/belief carried out collective worship, has a clear belief system and involves a profound belief affecting the individual's way of life or view of the world. The legislation also provides protection to those who have been discriminated against on the basis that they don't hold a particular religious belief, unless the employer can show that such a belief is a genuine occupational requirement.
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